KNOWLEDGE OF MEDICINAL PLANTS USEFUL FOR THE PREVENTION OF MALARIA ANEMIA AMONG HEALTH WORKERS IN BOKI L.G.A
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
Malaria anemia is a major public health problem and is the leading cause of death in the world. The recipes used in the traditional prevention of malaria anemic resort to different combinations of plants with anti-plasmodial, antipyretic, analgesic and anti-anemic properties. Anti-anemic plants are poorly documented in Boki L.G.A of Cross River State. However, malaria is also a major public health concern. According to the World Health Organization, 216 million malaria cases were reported worldwide in 2016 with 90% of those cases in the Africa region (WHO, 2017). It is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa with 91% of the 445,000 deaths recorded in 2016 (WHO, 2017). Severe malaria is one of the key causes of child morbidity and mortality in Africa (Chang and Stevenson, 2004). Anemia is one of the severe symptoms mostly associated with it. Indeed, the study of the physiopathology of malaria reveals that Plasmodium falciparum is the main pathogen that induces a massive destruction of Red Blood Cells with a significant reduction in erythropoiesis (Agbeko, 2017). Patients were found in the pediatric ward of the Sokodé Regional Hospital Center with 51.5% anemia in cases of severe malaria (Odugbemi, Akinsulire, Aibinu and Fabeku, 2007). Therefore, it seems that malaria management would require an integration of anti-anemic drugs in its treatment. In Nigeria, medicinal herb sellers usually provide their customers with antimalarial recipes in which some plants species considered as anti-anemic are included. Therefore, this study will focus on plants that are included into such medicinal recipes for malaria anemia.
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